If the first acquirer declines, the cascading system tries the next route — another bank, country or MID — without the buyer re-entering details. This rescues part of the payments that would otherwise be lost.

Cascades follow rules: card country, amount, decline code, route cost. Do not retry transactions declined for suspected fraud or insufficient funds — issuers dislike it and it raises the risk of fines.

Cascading needs several connected providers and a router, so it usually comes from payment orchestration platforms and PSPs with multiple acquirers.

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